Plant Bible

                                    PRINCIPLES OF ORNAMENTAL GARDENING AND GARDEN MAKING   Principles of garden making: BALANCE: The balance in landscape design is a visual equilibrium of different garden components. In the formal gardens, balance is achieved by positioning plants and other landscape objects at equal distance from a real or imaginary plane or axis. In the informal or naturalistic designs, balancing is achieved mainly by the neutralizing effect. For example, in a garden, if a big tree is there in one side, it can be balanced by positioning a small tree opposite to it and here balancing is achieved by contrasting effect. PROPORTION: It refers to the relative composition of the different components to the whole of the landscaping unit. In the other words, all the garden components should be in the right required proportion and one unit should not play a dominant or major role. For instance, if a garden has more area under lawn with a minimum area for other gar

                                                                 GARDEN IMPLEMENTS   Pick axe: pickle axe is a ‘T’ shaped hand tool used for prying. Its head is typically metal, attached perpendicular to a longer handle. It is used for breaking up rocks or ground, in construction and mining, prying the axe of hoeing, skimming and chopping through roots.   Axe: axe is an implement that has been used for shape, split and cut wood. It has two primary components: the head and the haft. It is used for chopping, splitting, chipping, piercing, to harvest timber, weapon, ceremonial or heraldic symbol. Shovel: shovel is a hand tool consist of a broad blade fixed to a medium- length handle. It is used for digging, lifting, moving bulk materials. Trowel: a trowel is a small hand tool. The varieties include masonry towel, garden trowel, float trowel. It is used for digging, applying, smoothing, planting, weeding, mixing in fertilizer and transferring plants to pots. Garden for

                                                                  SKIN ANATOMY (PROFILE)   Introduction: Skin is the largest organ of the human body.  Average adult’s skin = 8 pounds and covers 22 square feet. The skin has many important functions. We lose about 50 million skin cells a day     Divisions of the Skin: 1.        Epidermis 2.        Dermis 3.        Subcutaneous     Epidermis – cuticle or scarf skin: Epidermis protects the delicate tissues of the body from injury .Epidermis is made of soft keratin, a protein. Soft keratin is found in the epidermis as flattened cells, or dry scales. Outermost layer of the skin; sheds daily with completely new cuticle layer by 28th day; tightly packed, scale like cells; turnover slows with age. Contains no blood vessels, but has many small nerve endings. Dispute over how many layers in epidermis, between 4 - 6. Bottoms layers are sometimes classified together, known as the basal layer.  For our purposes, there a

                                  ORNAMENTAL GARDENING AND PARTS OF ORNAMENTAL GARDENING DEFINITION: A garden may be defined as an area embellished with the plants, a valuable and pleasurable adjunct to a house. A mere collection of plants will not make a garden. It is the skillful arrangement and disposition of plants over area making a design or pattern or picture as it were that forms a garden. Therefore, gardening warrants apart from knowledge of the science of plant growing, an artistic taste on part of the gardener. PARTS OF ORNAMENTAL GARDENING: LAWN: Lawn is an important component of a garden. No garden is complete without the presence of a lawn. SHRUBS AND SHRUBBERIES: Groups of shrubs planted at corners will be useful in natural designs. Shrub borders of informal (allowed to-grow without trimming) or formal (trimmed to a height) can border the main walks and paths. A shrubbery is a border planted with different kinds of shrubs and a shrub border is where only o