DEFORESTATION : CAUSES ,AFFECTS

 ENVIRONMENT THREATS (DEFORESTATION)

 PERAMBLE OF DEFORESTATION:

Deforestation is the cutting down of trees in the forest in a large number. Deforestation has always been a threat to our environment. But still many humans are continuing this ill practice. Moreover, Deforestation is causing ecological imbalance. Yet, some selfish people have to fill their pockets. Therefore, they do not even think about it once. So, the government is trying countermeasures to avert the harm to the environment.

 

CAUSES OF DEFORESTATION:

In doing my case study I was shocked about the causes of deforestation I have listed the cause one by one below

1)   Shifting cultivation:

         ·       In this practice a patch of land is cleared, vegetation is burned and                  the ash I mixed with the soil thus adding nutrients to the soil.

          ·       This patch of land is used for raising crops for two to three years,                   and the is modest.

          ·       Then the area is abandoned and is left to recover its fertility and the                same practice is repeated elsewhere on a fresh piece of land.

          ·       All that is required for this method of cultivation is a set of simple                   tools, not high level of mechanisation.

 

             2)   DEVELOPMENT PROJECT:

 

·       The human population have increased considerably, so with their requirements.

             ·       Development projects like the hydroelectric projects, large dams                     and reservoirs, laying down of railway lines and roads are not only                  extremely beneficial, but they are also linked with several                                 environmental problems.

             ·       Many of these projects require immense deforestation.

3)   FUEL REQUIREMENTS:

             ·       The increasing damage for firewood with ever growing population                   increases in greater pressure on the forest, which result in                                  increased in intensity of deforestation.

 

             4)   RAW MATERIALS REQUIREMENTS:

             ·       Wood is used as raw material by various industries for making                           paper, plywood, furniture, match sticks, boxes, crates, packing                       cases, etc.

 

            ·       Industries also obtain their raw materials from plants such as drugs,             scents, and perfumes, resin, gums, waxes, turpentine, latex, and    rubber, tannis, alkaloids, bees wax.

                 ·       This exerted tremendous pressure on forest ecosystem and their                       unrestricted exploitation for various other raw materials is the                          main cause of degradation of the forest ecosystem.

 

5)   OTHER CAUSES:

             ·       Deforestation also results from overgrazing, agriculture, mining,                      urbanization, food, fire, pest, diseases, defence, and                           communication activities.

 

 

AFFECTS OF DEFORESTATION:

             ·       Closed forest (based on canopy level) have being diminished due                   to deforestation leading to increase in degraded forests.

             ·       Forest recycle moisture from soil into their intermediated                                  atmosphere by transpiration where it again precipitate as rain.

             ·       Deforestation results in intermediate lowering of ground water                          level and in long term reduction of precipitation.

             ·       Due to deforestation, this natural reuse cycle is broken and water                      is lost through rapid runoff.

             ·       Much of the mining activities in India is being carried out in forest                   region. The obvious result is deforestation and soil erosion.

             ·       Underground mining has also significantly denuded forests, as                          timber is used for supporting the roofs of mine galleries.

             ·       A large number of abandoned mines are lying in bad shape and are                   under extensive gully erosion leading to degradation of the                             habitat.

             ·       Deforestation affects the biota and neighbouring ecosystem, soil                      erosion, land degradation, alternation of ground water channels,                      pollution and scarce.

    "WE CAN'T LIVE WITHOUT PLANTS SO PLEASE PROTECT THEM "