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DEFORESTATION : CAUSES ,AFFECTS
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ENVIRONMENT THREATS (DEFORESTATION)
PERAMBLE OF DEFORESTATION:
Deforestation is
the cutting down of trees in the forest in a large number. Deforestation has
always been a threat to our environment. But still many humans are continuing
this ill practice. Moreover, Deforestation is causing ecological imbalance.
Yet, some selfish people have to fill their pockets. Therefore, they do not
even think about it once. So, the government is trying countermeasures to avert
the harm to the environment.
CAUSES OF DEFORESTATION:
In doing my case
study I was shocked about the causes of deforestation I have listed the cause
one by one below
1)Shifting cultivation:
·In
this practice a patch of land is cleared, vegetation is burned and the ash I
mixed with the soil thus adding nutrients to the soil.
·This
patch of land is used for raising crops for two to three years, and the is
modest.
·Then
the area is abandoned and is left to recover its fertility and the same
practice is repeated elsewhere on a fresh piece of land.
·All
that is required for this method of cultivation is a set of simple tools, not
high level of mechanisation.
2)DEVELOPMENT PROJECT:
·The
human population have increased considerably, so with their requirements.
·Development
projects like the hydroelectric projects, large dams and reservoirs, laying
down of railway lines and roads are not only extremely beneficial, but they are
also linked with several environmental problems.
·Many
of these projects require immense deforestation.
3)FUEL REQUIREMENTS:
·The
increasing damage for firewood with ever growing population increases in
greater pressure on the forest, which result in increased in intensity of
deforestation.
4)RAW MATERIALS REQUIREMENTS:
·Wood
is used as raw material by various industries for making paper, plywood,
furniture, match sticks, boxes, crates, packing cases, etc.
·Industries
also obtain their raw materials from plants such as drugs, scents, and
perfumes, resin, gums, waxes, turpentine, latex, and rubber, tannis, alkaloids,
bees wax.
·This
exerted tremendous pressure on forest ecosystem and their unrestricted
exploitation for various other raw materials is the main cause of degradation
of the forest ecosystem.
5)OTHER CAUSES:
·Deforestation
also results from overgrazing, agriculture, mining, urbanization, food, fire,
pest, diseases, defence, and communication activities.
AFFECTS OF DEFORESTATION:
·Closed
forest (based on canopy level) have being diminished due to deforestation
leading to increase in degraded forests.
·Forest
recycle moisture from soil into their intermediated atmosphere by transpiration
where it again precipitate as rain.
·Deforestation
results in intermediate lowering of ground water level and in long term
reduction of precipitation.
·Due
to deforestation, this natural reuse cycle is broken and water is lost through
rapid runoff.
·Much
of the mining activities in India is being carried out in forest region. The
obvious result is deforestation and soil erosion.
·Underground
mining has also significantly denuded forests, as timber is used for supporting
the roofs of mine galleries.
·A
large number of abandoned mines are lying in bad shape and are under extensive
gully erosion leading to degradation of the habitat.
·Deforestation
affects the biota and neighbouring ecosystem, soil erosion, land degradation,
alternation of ground water channels, pollution and scarce.
"WE CAN'T LIVE WITHOUT PLANTS SO PLEASE PROTECT THEM "
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